Risk factors for infectious endocarditis of prosthetic valves: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/piii2024333Keywords:
Endocarditis, Infective Endocarditis, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Causality, Blood CultureAbstract
Introduction: valve endocarditis is a major health challenge; its etiology is varied, and it can cause multiple complications or death.
Objective: to identify risk factors for infective endocarditis in prosthetic valves.
Methods: systematic and retrospective review of the available literature using records from Pubmed, Epistemonikos, Cochrane library, Uptodate.
Results: in Argentina, from September 2013 to March 2016, 502 patients with infective endocarditis (IE) were studied in 48 medical centers. The majority were men (69,9 %) with a mean age of 60,7 years. The main risk factors were known underlying heart disease (45,36 %), diabetes (23,5 %), chronic renal failure (16,5 %), neoplastic disease (12,1 %) and history of previous IE (8,96 %). The most frequent predisposing events were endovascular (31,9 %) and dental (12,6 %) procedures. New causes of IE related to gastrointestinal pathologies were also identified.
Conclusion: patients with IE have a high clinical risk profile and show increasing age over the decades. Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent microorganism followed by Streptococcus viridans. The identification of independent predictors of in-hospital mortality continues to be a challenge due to the new agents that are identified or risk factors that are added over time; identifying them could help to establish behavioral modification strategies that lead to improved outcomes
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Copyright (c) 2024 Sara Isabel Vasquez Torrico, Gerardo Laube (Author)
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