Innovations in preventive dentistry: the impact of sealants

Abstract

Dental caries was highlighted as a multifactorial public health problem that affects people of all ages. Its prevalence was related to biological, behavioral and social factors. Dental pits and fissures were identified as anatomically vulnerable areas for caries development due to their complex morphology and difficult access for cleaning. To address this challenge, pit and fissure sealants emerged as a complementary preventive strategy to brushing and fluoride use.
Development
The evolution of sealants from early materials, such as cyanoacrylates, to more modern materials, such as light-cured resins and glass ionomer cements, was examined. These materials offered improvements in adhesion, fluoride release and resistance to microleakage. Placement techniques were also described, including ultrasonic procedures and ameloplasty, which optimized sealing efficiency in deep, narrow fissures. Despite the advances, challenges in its application were highlighted, such as proper tooth preparation and early diagnosis of incipient lesions.
Conclusions
Pit and fissure sealants proved to be an effective tool to reduce the risk of dental caries, especially in posterior teeth. However, their success depends on proper diagnosis, accurate techniques and compliance with periodic check-ups. The integration of this strategy in public health programs could contribute significantly to the promotion of oral health and disease prevention.or unstructured, no longer than 250 words; written in the past tense and in the third person singular